Kalapuyan

Names of Kalapuyan groups: Tualatin Yamhill Pudding River (Ahantchuyuk) Luckiamute Santiam Mary's River (Chepenefa) Muddy Creek (Chemapho) Tsankupi Mohawk Chafan Long Tom (Chelamela) Winefelly Yoncalla Genetic affiliation Region: Willamette Valley

       "KALAPUYAN  A group of eight tribes speaking three languages, formerly inhaviting the valley of the Willamette River, Oregon. They were probably related to the Takelma and more distantly to the Coos and Yakonan into a stock called Oregon-Penutian. The Alfalati   lived around Forest Grove, northwestern Oregon, and the Yamel  above present McMinnville, Oregon, these forming one dialect division of the family. Continuing south were the Luckiamute  on the river which bears their name; the Santiam  around present Lebanon, Oregon; Chepenafa  or Mary's River  near Corvallis, Oregon, all of whom spoke the central Kalapuyan dialect. Finally, above Oakland, Oregon, were the Yoncalla,   who spoke the southern dialect.

       "The Kalapuyans as a whole suffered greatly from the smallpox epidemics of 1782 and 1783. After coming into contact with white fur traders they ultimately abandoned their native ecomony, and were unable to resist white encroachments into the Willamette valley. Following treaties in 1851 and 1855 the remnants of all the Kalapuyan tribes moved to the Grand Ronde Reservation, Oregon, where their descendants are now organized as the 'Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon', although the reservation lost its recognition by the Bureau of Indian Affairs in 1956. The census of 1910 reported 44 Atfalati, five Calapooya, eight Luckiamute, 24 Chepenafa, nine Santiam, five Yamel and 11 Yoncalla; in 1930 the whole group was reported at 45 persons. At least 24 different tribes were included in the Siletz-Grand Ronde complex, making it almost impossible for any one small group to preserve its identity. In 1955, 700 people were reported descended from the original tribes of Grand Ronde Reservation shortly before termination, when the Federal Government suspended its responsibility for any services and removed restrictions on their property. These services were partly restored in the 1970s."
(Johnson, p. 176)